ABSTRACT
The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to be a public health emergency of global concern. The findings of the studies have reported that owing to the pandemic, the delivery of essential and emergency sexual and reproductive health-care services has been significantly jeopardized. This has resulted in a considerable rise in the number of episodes of gender-based violence, with the situation being grimmer in settings with poor health systems or among people who are being exposed to some form of humanitarian emergencies. This calls for an indispensable need to improve the delivery of sexual and reproductive health-related services to all women, especially those living in low-resource settings. To conclude, the COVID-19 pandemic has accounted for the disruption of almost all types of health-care services and the same thing has been observed with regard to the delivery of sexual and reproductive health-care needs of women. It is the need of the hour to bridge the existing gap and give adequate priority to the special needs of women, which very much determine their quality of life.
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Technology has found its root and application in all sectors, and the same stands true in the field of medical education. Moreover, with the emergence of the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, the use of technology in online teaching-learning and assessment has increased immensely. The purpose of the current review is to explore the utility of gamification apps to enhance the active engagement of medical students. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine and a total of five articles were selected based on their suitability with the current review objectives. Keywords used in the search include gamification and medical education. Gamification refers to the employment of elements of games in nongame contexts with an intention to engage users and making them to solve the given problems. It promotes the delivery of information in a learner-centered way and meets the requirement of individual students, especially by targeting those domains in which they are interested. These games are designed in such a way that it simulates problems of the real world, wherein students have to apply their knowledge into practice and simultaneously learn the clinical decision-making skills. In conclusion, gamification and the use of technology should be acknowledged as the new aspects of curriculum delivery and all efforts should be taken to incorporate them as one of the components of medical teaching and assessment in the near future across all medical institutions.
ABSTRACT
Since inception of Corona Virus, 47.6 Cr. individuals got infected and 61L deaths occurred. Still it's going on and spreading across the world. Many health workers, researchers, experts, scientists are making efforts to slow down its pace & putting efforts in evaluating the techniques to detect it. For this, it is highly required to understand the virus & its versions. It is a part of SARS - Severe acute respiratory syndrome. To detect COVID, there are numerous ways but using Chest X-beams we are able to reduce the detection time and cost. To evaluate the Chest X-beams we need radiologists. So here, we develop a model to identify COVID X-beam in comparison to Normal X-beam. These days DL algo's are producing best results in classification. A pre-trained CNN models using large datasets is to preferred for image classification. Firstly our models need to be trained and then tested to recognize the images of X-beams of one of the either case. Logically we have to locate the best CNN model for diagnosis. © 2022 IEEE.
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The branch of medicine continues to expand with each day and it becomes a major challenge for the physicians to stay abreast with the developments. The purpose of the current review is to explore the role of the TikTok application in improving medical education and healthcare delivery services. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out on the PubMed search engine between April 20, 2022 and May 24, 2022, and a total of 49 articles were selected based upon their suitability with the current review objectives. As single search engine was used, there were no duplication and search was performed by a single investigator. The inclusion criteria included availability of complete version of the articles and those articles published in only English language. Keywords used in the search include TikTok and medicine in the title alone only (viz. TikTok [ti] AND medical education [ti];TikTok [ti] AND content [ti];TikTok [ti] AND COVID-19 [ti];TikTok [ti] AND misinformation [ti];TikTok [ti] AND video [ti];TikTok [ti]). It was a non-funded study and the review was not registered. TikTok has emerged as one of the very popular video sharing applications, and has been extensively used to share videos pertaining to medicine, and public health-related topics. The application has been used in different parts of the world to post content pertaining to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), handwashing, promotion of community engagement, nutrition, vaccine, autism, climate health, eating disorders, stress & anxiety, etc. Like any other social media application, even TikTok has its share of constraints, and these need to be carefully dealt with to enhance the overall effectiveness of the app. To conclude, the TikTok application has brought about significant reforms in social media networking. However, considering the fact that the application appeals to users from all streams, it is the need of the hour to explore and use the app for augmenting the healthcare delivery, improve management of public health problems, and facilitate better delivery of medical education. © 2022 Heart and Mind ;Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.
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The World Health Organization declared the Coronavirus disease in 2019;that was a very hard time for people, and every single day, a new crisis emerged. In that case, everyone shares their stories on the social media platform on a daily basis, but no one is sure that information is true or misleading, and that becomes a challenge to detect differences between them. And to tackle this problem, this paper has explored the veracity of social media stories using some machine learning models. The goal of this paper is to test three different BERT base pre-trained transform learning models (BERT, DistilBERT, and RoBERTa) on an English COVID-19 fake news dataset to detect the fake and true news separately. We explore their capability with precision, recall, and F1-score to achieve better results compared with the previous research. © 2022 IEEE.
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The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic overwhelmed health-care delivery systems owing to the significant morbidity and mortality. Lung cancer in the year 2020 alone has accounted for more than 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths across the globe. The purpose of the current review is to explore the impact of COVID-19 on lung cancer and to identify measures that can improve the prognosis of cancer patients during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. An extensive search related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed and World Health Organization website. Relevant research articles focusing on COVID-19 and lung cancer published between April 2020 and June 2021 were included in the review. Forty-five studies similar to the current study objectives were identified initially. Among them, five were excluded due to unavailability of the complete version of the articles. Overall, forty articles were selected based on the suitability with current review objectives. Keywords used in the search include COVID-19 and Lung cancer in the title alone only. It has been estimated that patients with lung cancer will have a significantly higher risk of an adverse outcome, if they acquire COVID-19 infection. National bodies across multiple nations have released recommendations for both prevention and optimal management of COVID-19 infection among known lung cancer patients. To conclude, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected patients with lung cancer. Owing to the emergence of evidence of poor prognosis of infection among lung cancer patients, there is an indispensable need to adopt a multidisciplinary treatment approach.
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Cancer continues to be one of the global causes of concern, as each year the number of reported cases continues to rise. The available global trends of cancer are a clear indicator of the fact that people are deprived of cancer care and it is predominantly because of the inequality and inequity, which has become an undeniable aspect. Acknowledging the impact of cancer on the individual, family, and the community in terms of impairment in the quality of life and financial load, it is the responsibility of the policy makers to improve the delivery of cancer care. This calls for the need that international welfare agencies and funding partners should join their hands together with an aim to strengthen the prevention, care, and research and development domain of cancer care, especially in low-resource settings. To conclude, despite being a global cause of concern, the care offered to cancer care patients has not been uniform worldwide and a wide range of disparities have been observed. There arises the need to take concerted actions to ensure the delivery of comprehensive care to cancer patients with an intention to minimize their suffering and improve their prognosis. © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
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Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in more than half of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with COVID-19. The longitudinal trajectory of kidney function is unclear. To study this, we compare mortality outcomes and long-term allograft function as measured by the change in serum creatinine (SCR) after hospital discharge between kidney transplant patients with SARS CoV-2 who experienced in-hospital AKI with who did not have AKI. Method(s): In this retrospective, multi-center study, we identified 149 KTRs who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between March 1st, 2020 and March 31st, 2021. Data from electronic medical records were retrieved and compared between KTRs without AKI and KTRs with AKI who were hospitalized with COVID-19. Creatinine was trended at 0,1,3,6, and 12 months. Result(s): A total of 149 COVID-19 infected KTRs were hospitalized. Of them, 102 (69%) had AKI with 45 (44.1%) in Stage 1, 9 (8.8%) in Stage 2 and 41 (40.2%) in Stage 3. Thirty-three patients died and 97% of them was in AKI group. Patients in AKI group had median survival time of 1.18 months, compared to more than 8 months in non-AKI group (p=0.002), Figure 1. Regression analysis for Intercept and slope were estimated by AKI groups, showing mild improvement in mean SCR over the 1 year at 2.2 mg/dL from peak SCR of 3.6 mg/dL, lowest eGFR 23.9 (SD 14.39) but didn't reach pre-AKI baseline in patients with AKI (1.8mg/dL), Figure 2. Conclusion(s): Patients in AKI group had higher mortality most of which was in the early period. There was mild improvement in creatinine over the following 12 months in AKI group but SCR didn't return to baseline. There with no significant change in slope of creatinine for non-AKI COVID patients.
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease-2019 outbreak in the Wuhan city of China has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern and as a pandemic, and it is a marker that the caseload of the disease is increasing at a rapid pace. It has been recommended that the suspect cases need to be isolated and monitored in healthcare establishments, keeping in mind the quality of care and security of the general population. However, in special circumstances such as lack of isolation wards or lack of infrastructure/human resources to provide healthcare or even in situations, wherein the existing hospitals refuse admission of suspects due to their own limitations, it becomes quite essential to think about home-based management. However, such a decision should be taken only after thorough clinical evaluation, after thorough assessment of the safety of the home environment, and after healthcare personnel is assigned the responsibility to act as a bridge between hospital and home care till the patient completely recovers. In conclusion, provision of home-based care for asymptomatic contacts or potential suspect with mild symptoms is a crucial domain in settings with limited healthcare infrastructure. However, considering the magnitude of the cases and lack of preparedness, it becomes very much essential to strengthen home-based care. © Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth 2022.
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The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, which was first detected in the Wuhan city of China has been considered eligible to meet the requirements of the Public Health Emergency of International Concern. It is a fact that healthcare workers constitute the first line of defense against the infection and are involved in patient care related activities by compromising their own safety and quality of life. The current available disease trends neither indicate about the extent of the infection in hospital settings nor about the potential risk factors among health workers. In an attempt to bridge this gap, a protocol has been formulated to assess the extent of the infection and the risk factors which can facilitate the acquisition of the infection. Further, based on the proposed protocol, we can get vital insights about transmissibility and routes of transmission by periodically analyzing laboratory specimens as a part of follow-up. In conclusion, health workers are at the forefront in containing the COVID-19 outbreak amidst all uncertainty and thus it is our responsibility to adopt a standard protocol not only to safeguard them, but also simultaneously generate adequate evidence for better prevention and control of the disease. © Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth 2022.
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The emergence of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the dynamics of almost everything across the globe. The available evidence and the reported trends suggest that the COVID-19 infection among children and adolescents generally manifests in the form of less severe illness and has less incidence of mortality as compared with the adult population. Although it is an encouraging thing that COVID-19 manifests in children in mild forms, we cannot ignore the very fact that the symptoms of the disease might be ignored owing to their mild nature. Children do play a role in the transmission of COVID-19 infection to other individuals, as outbreaks of the infection were reported in schools or summer camps. In conclusion, children are quite susceptible to the COVID-19 infection and also have the potential to transmit the causative virus to others. Even though the precise risk to acquire or transmit the infection by children is quite variable due to a number of factors, including the levels of community transmission, there is an immense need to strictly adhere to the infection prevention and control measures to minimize the incidence of infection or complications among them. © 2022 Medical Journal of Babylon ;Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
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The emergence of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and its rapid transmission in different parts of the world has become a major public health challenge. Considering the consequences of malaria in the past, it is the need of the hour that in the process of containing COVID-19, we should not ignore the strategies aimed toward the prevention and control of malaria infection. There is no point in complaining about the developments that have already happened, the best strategy will be to consider the different facets of COVID-19 infection containment as opportunities and then act accordingly. In the process of fighting against the COVID-19 infection, we have ignored the delivery of essential services pertaining to malaria. This calls for the need to revisit the planned and implemented services for COVID-19 infection and use the existing mechanism for implementing the strategies required for malaria elimination. © 2022 Journal of Integrative Nursing Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.
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The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the dynamics of the health sector. The purpose of the current review was to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB), the impact of COVID-19 on TB, and identify the strategies that can be adapted to contain both infections effectively. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out on the PubMed search engine, and a total of 44 articles were selected based on their suitability with the current review objectives. Keywords used in the search include COVID-19 and tuberculosis in the title alone only. The findings of the report and research articles have reported that people with COVID-19 infection who have co-infection with TB are more likely to have poor outcomes, including death, compared with people who have only COVID-19 infection. Considering the public health magnitude of TB, we cannot undermine the importance of regular screening, preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic activities that target TB disease, as it will save millions of lives. In conclusion, as we continue our fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an immense need to maintain services directed toward the prevention and control of TB. The policymakers should explore all the options that will enable the implementation of joint strategies for the better containment of both the infections without compromising the safety of health professionals.
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The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to account for the disruption of health care and other welfare services. As the predominant mode of transmission of infection is through close contact or airborne mode, it is important to acknowledge that we should encourage the use of face masks in the community and workplace settings. Even though significant results have been attributed to face masks, we must realize that to optimize the impact, and we must ensure their appropriate usage, storage, cleaning, and disposal. To conclude, a face mask is an effective tool to reduce the incidence of infection among children and adherence to standard public health and infection control measures. However, the decision to wear face masks among children to stop the transmission of COVID-19 infection should be determined based on assessing the potential benefits, harms, and local epidemiological factors.
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In the current environment, it can be seen that the healthcare business is completely reliant on digitalization via the use of different new technologies that make it simpler to operate and the system more sustainable. For several decades, the use of Internet of things (IoT) and information and computer technologies (ICT) has made work simpler in the healthcare business. Enhancing admiration and providing new insights into drugs and treatments in healthcare technology, or improving the overall quality of care offered. All of this is only possible because of cutting-edge technology. The numerous demonstrations of rising trends and technologies employed in the healthcare business in this article have been addressed. In any industry, digital transformation is the most difficult task and the most difficult implementation, but when the importance of big data in healthcare is considered, recent market trends in healthcare devices, growth, and predictive healthcare, all of these things are possible thanks to the wonder of IoT. The necessity for IoT and several technologies that are quite useful in healthcare is considered in this chapter. Because of the rapidly increasing death rate, the latest pandemic of COVID-19 disease necessitated data analysis that is very complicated and typical to getting out results, but some researchers and medical institutes found a solution to that problem and as expected, digitalization in healthcare makes it possible to control the situation. Various healthcare equipment, such as smartwatches, oximeters, and glucometers, continuously monitor our health and provide input to the body for specific needs and updates. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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Background and Aims: The COVID 19 lockdown imposed with rigid restriction to all outdoor activities, diabetes mellitus (DM) patients visiting clinics, leading to poor glycaemic management. This study aims to understand the effectiveness of telephonic counselling with balanced nutrition, physical activity & stress management on overall glycaemia in Indian patients. Methods: In a retrospective, multi-centric study, medical records of uncontrolled DM patients digitally engaged with a smartphone-connected glucometer (SCG) who also received at least one counselling session between 25th March 2020 to 24th March 2020 (∼90 days) were assessed. The intervention included self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) using SCG enabled with real-time transmission of information to BeatO's certified diabetes educators (CDE) & their corresponding counselling. Results: 4714 adults (average BG >140 mg/dl) included in this study received at least one session of counselling. The mean age of the subjects (78.2% males) was 52.8 years, BMI of 27.3 kg/m2 and 0.5% suffered with co-morbidities. Digital monitoring of BG and counselling with CDE significantly reduced the average BG levels by 16.1%, average HbA1C levels from 8.1 to 7.0 (1.1%), average premeal BG values (157.7 ± 79 to 130.2 ± 77.4 mg/dL, 18% reduction;p < 0.0001) and post meal values (162.0 ± 79.7 to 133.7 ± 70.9 mg/dL, 17.9% reduction;p < 0.0001). Majority 93.8% showed no hypoglycaemic episodes (BG <70 mg/dL) and those in fasting, pre meal and post meal periods reduced by 81.6%, 72.5% & 67.9% respectively, post counselling. Conclusions: BeatO's real time SMBG triggered CDE counselling effectively controlled overall hyperglycaemia & maintained a good target-in-range glucose levels in diabetes subjects during lockdown.
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This paper reports two cases of AKI with favipiravir induced nephrotoxicity. Patient 1: 38-year male, confirmed reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction positive (RT-PCR) positive for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) and moderate pneumonia was given hydroxy-chloroquinine (HCQ) 400 mg BID followed by 200 mg BID for 10 days and favipiravir at 1600 mg BID followed by 600 mg BID for 5 days. Patient 2: 51-year male RT-PCR positive, severe COVID-19 was started on HCQ and favipiravir at same dose as in patient one along with methylprednisolone 40 mg BID for days and enoxaparin 40 mg subcutaneous once daily. In conclusion, the authors believe as many repurposed drugs are being used for COVID-19 on experimental and compassionate basis without well conducted research, the clinicians need to be very careful of any new adverse event. The AKI like in any other patient needs comprehensive review for all possible etiology before linking it to COVID-19.
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The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to impact the lives of almost everyone across the globe. The present review has been carried out to explore and understand the relationship between COVID-19 infection and diabetes mellitus from the public health perspective. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine, and a total of 25 research articles were selected based on the suitability with the current review objectives. Keywords used in the search include COVID-19 and Diabetes mellitus in the title alone only. Considering the risk of poor prognosis of infection among diabetics, it has been envisaged that such people should strictly adhere to the preventive measures. Self-care plays a crucial role in the management of diabetes, and the significance of the same has immensely increased during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. As the people with diabetes constitute a high-risk group, it is the need of the hour to increase awareness among these people about COVID-19 infection. To conclude, the COVID-19 pandemic is far from over and the people living with diabetes are at significant risk to land up into complications, if they acquire the infection.This call for the need to intensify the preventive strategies and strengthen the health care delivery system for ensuring better management of diabetes among COVID-19 cases. © 2021 Journal of Medical Society.
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The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the healthcare system. Patients with cancer have been severely affected by the pandemic and have not been able to utilize the required healthcare services in a timely manner. This review is aimed at assessing the clinical and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with cancer and cancer survivors. A comprehensive literature search was performed for this review in the PubMed database and Google Scholar database using the keywords, 'COVID-19,' 'cancer,' and 'impact' in the title. Of a total of 30 relevant studies, 27 articles were included in the review. In addition, the World Health Organization website was extensively searched for relevant information. For patients with cancer who are affected by COVID-19, it has been advocated that post recovery from COVID-19, the therapeutic management of cancer should resume at the earliest to minimize cancer-related mortality. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused massive disruptions in the prevention, screening, diagnosis, and management of cancer. Therefore, minimizing the effect of the COVID-19 infection and improving the healthcare services offered to the patients with cancer by strengthening the healthcare system is the need of the hour. © 2021 Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment ;Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.